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Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1)

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Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1) - สวัสดีเพื่อน yonsei Korea textbook, ในบทความที่คุณกำลังอ่านในครั้งนี้มีชื่อเรื่อง Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1), เราได้เตรียมบทความนี้ไว้อย่างดีเพื่อให้คุณอ่านและนำข้อมูลไปใช้ หวังว่าเนื้อหาของโพสต์ บทความ Grammar Lv1, สิ่งที่เราเขียนคุณสามารถเข้าใจได้ เอาล่ะมีความสุขในการอ่าน.

หัวข้อ : Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1)
ลิงค์ : Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1)

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    Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1)


    Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1)

    Overview
    - Similar to English, Korean also has irregular verbs and adjectives.
    - The regularity/irregularity depends on the stem of the verbs and adjectives that is subject to variation.
    - Verbs and adjectives whose stem do not change, "regardless of the sound of the following suffix", are called regular verbs/adjectives
    - Verbs and adjectives whose stem varies "depending on the sound of the following suffix" are called irregular verbs/adjectives.
    - There are 7 irregular conjugations in Korean: ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅎ, 르, ㄹ, ㅡ
    - In this lesson, we will focus on the 3 ㄷ-, ㅂ-, and ㅅ-irregular conjugations first. The remained 4 irregular conjugations can be found in the next lesson.

    1. ㄷ-irregular --> ㄹ

    - Irregular verbs ending in ㄷ, ㄷ --> ㄹ when followed by an ending that begins with a vowel.

    묻다 (ask) --> 묻습니다 --> 물어요 --> 물으면
    걷다 (walk) -->걷습니다 --> 걸어요 --> 걸으면
    듣다 (listen) -->듣습니다 --> 들어요 --> 들으면
    싣다 (load) --> 싣습니다 --> 실어요 --> 실으면
    깨닫다 (realize) -->깨닫습니다 --> 깨달어요 --> 깨달으면

    음악을 들으면서 운동해요.
    I listen to music while playing sports.

    그 여자에게 전화번호를 물어봤어요.
    I asked that female for her phone number.




    - Not all verbs ending in ㄷ are irregular. 

    닫다 (close) --> 닫습니다 --> 닫아요 --> 닫으면
    받다 (receive)--> 받습니다 --> 받아요 --> 받으면
    믿다 (believe) -->믿습니다 --> 믿어요 --> 믿으면
    얻다 (gain) --> 얻습니다 --> 얻어요 --> 얻으면

    문을 좀 닫아 주세요.
    Please close the door.

    어제 택배물을 받았어요?
    Did you receive the parcel yesterday?

    그런 사람을 믿다니 내가 글렀어요.
    It's my mistake that I trusted him.


    2. ㅂ-irregular --> 오 or 우

    - Irregular verbs/adjectives ending with ㅂ, ㅂ --> 오 or 우 when added to an ending that begins with a vowel. 돕다 and 곱다 are the only 2 words that changes to 오,  while all others change to 우.

    쉽다 (easy) --> 쉽습니다 --> 쉬워요 --> 쉬우면
    어렵다 (difficult) -->어렵습니다 --> 어려워요 --> 어려우면
    맵다 (spicy) --> 맵습니다 --> 매워요 --> 매우면
    덥다 (hot) --> 덥습니다 --> 더워요 -->더우면
    춥다 (cold) -->춥습니다 --> 추워요 --> 추우면
    무섭다 (scary) --> 무섭습니다 --> 무서워요 --> 무서우면
    무겁다 (heavy) --> 무겁습니다 --> 무거워요 --> 무거우면
    가볍다 (light) -->가볍습니다 --> 가벼워요 --> 가벼우면
    밉다 (hateful) -->밉습니다 --> 미워요 --> 미우면
    굽다 (roast) --> 굽습니다 --> 구워요 --> 구우면
    눕다 (lie down) --> 눕습니다 --> 누워요 --> 누우면
    그립다 (miss) --> 그립습니다 --> 그리워요 --> 그리우면
    차갑다 (cold) --> 차갑습니다--> 차가워요 --> 차가우면
    뜨겁다 (hot) --> 뜨겁습니다 --> 뜨거워요 --> 뜨거우면
    싱겁다 (tasteless) --> 싱겁습니다 --> 싱거워요 -->싱거우면
    아름답다 (beautiful) --> 아름답습니다 --> 아름다워요 --> 아름다우면
    어둡다 (dark) --> 어둡습니다 --> 어두워요 --> 어두우면

    *곱다 (lovely) --> 곱습니다 --> 고와요 --> 고우면 --> 고운
    *돕다 (help) --> 돕습니다 --> 도와요 --> 도우면 --> 도운


    날씨가 추워서 집에 있었어요.
    It's cold outside so I stayed at home.

    저는 매운 음식을 싫어해요.
    I don't like spicy foods.

    커피가 뜨거우니까 조심하세요.
    The coffee is hot, please be careful.

    여기서 보면 그 경치가 가장 아름다워요.
    The view is the most beautiful from here.

    - Not all verbs/adjectives ending with ㅂ are irregular 

    입다 (wear)--> 입습니다 --> 입어요 --> 입으면
    잡다 (catch) --> 잡습니다 --> 잡아요 --> 잡으면
    좁다 (narrow) --> 좁습니다 --> 좁아요 --> 좁으면
    접다 (fold) --> 접습니다 --> 접아요 --> 접으면
    집다 (pick up) --> 집습니다 --> 집어요 --> 집으면
    씹다 (chew) --> 씹습니다 --> 씹어요 --> 씹으면
    뽑다 (select, hire) --> 뽑습니다 --> 뽑아요 --> 뽑으면

    이 옷을 입어 보세요.
    Try these clothes.

    내 손을 잡아라.
    Catch my hand.

    집은 접지만 깨끗해요.
    The house is small but clean.

    우리는 50명의 신입 사원을 뽑을 예정이다
    We are planning to hire 50 new employees.




    3. ㅅ-irregular --> (omitted)

    - Irregular verbs/adjectives ending with ㅅ, ㅅ is omitted when added to an ending that begins with a vowel.

    잇다 (connect) --> 잇습니다 --> 이어요 --> 나아서 --> 이으면
    낫다 (get better) --> 낫습니다 --> 나아요 --> 나아서 --> 나으면
    붓다 (swell, pour) -->붓습니다 --> 부어요 --> 부어서 --> 부으면
    긋다 (draw a line)-->긋습니다 --> 그어요 --> 그어서 --> 그으면
    젓다 (stir) --> 젓습니다 --> 저어요 --> 저어서 --> 저으면
    짓다 (build, write) --> 짓습니다 --> 지어요 --> 지어서 -->지으면

    모기가 물어서 눈이 부었어요.
    A mosquito bit me, so my eye became swollen.

    컵에 커피와 크림, 설탕을 넣고 저어요.
    I put coffee, cream, and sugar in the cup and stir it all together.

    감기가 다 나았어요?
    Did you get better from the cold?

    이 노래를 누가 지었어요?
    Who wrote this song?

    동생이 이야기하면 친구들이 웃어요.
    When my brother tells a story, his friends laugh.

    - Not all verbs/adjectives ending with ㅅ are irregular. 

    웃다 (laugh) --> 웃습니다 --> 웃어요 -->웃어서 --> 웃으면
    씻다 (wash) --> 씻습니다 --> 씻어요 --> 씻어서 --> 씻으면
    벗다 (take off) --> 벗습니다 --> 벗어요 --> 벗어서 --> 벗으면
    빗다 (comb) --> 빗습니다 --> 빗어요 --> 빗어서 --> 빗으면
    빼앗다 (take by force) --> 빼앗습니다 --> 빼앗어요 --> 빼앗으면

    농담을 듣고 한바탕 크게 웃어요.
    I have a good laugh at joke.

    그 사람이 내 물건을 빼앗았어요.
    He took my stuffs away.

    밥 먹기 전에 손을 꼭 씻어야 해요.
    You have to wash your hands before having a meal.


    นั่นคือบทความ Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1)

    นั่นคือบทความทั้งหมด Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1) ครั้งนี้หวังว่าจะเป็นประโยชน์กับทุกท่าน เจอกันใหม่บทความหน้า.

    คุณกำลังอ่านบทความ Korean ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1) พร้อมที่อยู่ลิงค์ https://yonseikoreatext.blogspot.com/2021/04/korean-irregular-verbs-and-adjectives_4.html
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