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Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다 - สวัสดีเพื่อน yonsei Korea textbook, ในบทความที่คุณกำลังอ่านในครั้งนี้มีชื่อเรื่อง Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다, เราได้เตรียมบทความนี้ไว้อย่างดีเพื่อให้คุณอ่านและนำข้อมูลไปใช้ หวังว่าเนื้อหาของโพสต์ บทความ Grammar Lv1, สิ่งที่เราเขียนคุณสามารถเข้าใจได้ เอาล่ะมีความสุขในการอ่าน.

หัวข้อ : Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다
ลิงค์ : Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다

Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다

L1.06 Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다

1. Word negation = 아니다, 없다 and 모르다.

Usage:
- Use to negate a sentence or a word = 아니다 , 없다 and 모르다

Tense:
- 아니다 -- 아닙니다 -- 아니요.
- 없다    -- 없습니다 -- 없어요.
- 모르다 -- 모릅니다 -- 몰라요.

Examples:

1. 한국 사람이에요. / 한국 사람 아니에요.

He is Korean. / He is not a Korean.

2. 나는 자동차가 있어요. / 나는 자동차가 없어요.

I have a car. / I don't have a car.

3. 일본어를 알아요./ 일본어를 몰라요.

I know Japanese./ I don't know Japanese.

4. 토니 씨가 대학생이에요?

- 아니요. 대학생이 아니에요. 대학원생이에요.

Is Tony a undergraduate student?

- No, he isn't a undergraduate student. He is a graduate student.

5. 저녁 시간 있어요?

- 아니요. 저녁 시간 없어요. 야속이 있어요.

Do you have time this evening?

- No, I don't have time this evening. I have an appointment.

6. 베트남어를 알아요?

- 아니요. 몰라요.

Do you know Vietnamese?

- No, I don't know.

2. 안 A/V-아/어요 and A/V-지 않아요 grammar = not A/V

Usage:
- To be added to the adjectives or verbs to negate an action or state
- 안 A/V =  A/V-지 않다 = not A/V

Word conversions:

타다 -- 안 타요  -- 타지 않아요. = to take (a bus)

멀다 -- 안 멀어요 -- 멀지 않아요. = to be far

공부하다 -- 공부 안해요 -- 공부하지 않아요. = to study

일하다 -- 일 안 해요 -- 일하지 않아요. = to work

길다 -- 안 길어요  -- 길지 않아요. = to be long

짧다 -- 안 짧아요 -- 짧지 않아요. = to be short

*덥다 -- 안 더워요  -- 덥지 않아요. = to be hot

*걷다 -- 안 걸어요  -- 걷지 않아요. = to walk

*좋아하다 -- 안 좋아해요 -- 좋아하지 않아요. = to like

*친절하다 -- 안 친절하다 -- 친절하지 않아요 = to be kind.

Note :

- 좋아하다 , 싫어하다 , 친절하다 are not 하다 verbs, so 안 must stand before the verbs.

-덥다 and 걷다 are irregular verbs/ adjectives. 

Examples:

1. 돼지고기를 안 먹어요./ 돼지고기를 먹지 않아요.

I don't eat pork.

2. 이 책은 짧지 않아요./ 이 책은 안 짧아요.

This book is not short.

3. 방이 안 넓어요./ 방이 넓지 않아요.

The room is not big.

4. 소고기을 좋아해요?

- 아니요. 저는 소고시를 안 먹어요.

Do you like beef?

- No, I don't eat beef.

5. 이번 토요일에 서울에 가요?

- 아니요. 서울에 가지 않아요.

Do you go to Seoul on this Saturday?

- No, I don't go.

6. 축구를 좋아해요?

- 아니요. 축구를 좋아하지 않아요.

Do you like football?

No, I don't like football.

7. 회사에 다녀요?

- 아니요. 안 다녀요.

Do you work at the company?

- No, I don't go.

3. 못 V-아/어요 and  V-지 못해요  grammar = can’t V

Usage:
- Express that one is unable or impossible to do something
- 못 V = V-지 못해요 = can’t.

Word conversion :

타다 -- 못 타요  -- 타지 못해요. = to take ( a bus)

읽다 -- 못 읽어요  -- 읽지 못해요. = to read

운동하다 -- 운동 못해요  -- 운동하지 못해요. = to exercise

*말하다 -- 못 말해요 -- 말하지 못해요 = to speak

*쓰다 -- 못 써요  -- 쓰지 못해요. = to write

Examples:

1.  저는 수영을 못해요. / 수영하지 못해요.

I can't swim.

2. 술을 못 마셔요. / 술을 마시지 못해요.

I can't drink alcohol.

3. 차를 운전 못해요. / 차를 운전하지 못해요.

I can't drive car.

4. 왜 고기를 안 먹어요?

- 다이어트를 하고 있어요. 그래서 먹지 못해요.

Why aren't you eat meat?

- I am in a diet. So, I can't eat meat.

5. 토니의 생일 파티에 가요?

- 아니요, 못 가요. 바빠요.

Do you go to Tony birthday party?

- No, I can't.  I am busy.

6. 숙제를 다 했어요?

- 아니요. 숙제를 다 하지 못해요. 어려워요.

Did you finish your homework?

- No, I can't finish my homework. It's difficult.

4. Comparison between 안 (지 않다) grammar and  못 (지 못하다) grammar:

1. 안 (지 않다) grammar:

- Use with both A and V.

- Express not doing something regardless of ability or external conditions.

E.g 운전을 안 해요.

I don't drive. (I know but I don't want)

E.g. 오늘 쇼핑을 하지 않아요.

I don't go shopping today. ( I simply don't want to)

2. 못 (지 못하다) grammar

- Use with V only.

- Use when one is unable or impossible to do something.

E.g. 운전을 못해요.

I can't drive. (I haven't learned to drive or other reasons)

E.g. 오늘 쇼핑을 하지 못해요.

I can’t go shopping today. ( I am busy or something like that)

นั่นคือบทความ Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다

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คุณกำลังอ่านบทความ Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) 아니다, 없다, 모르다; (2) V-지 않다, 안 V; (3) 못 V, V-지 못하다 พร้อมที่อยู่ลิงค์ https://yonseikoreatext.blogspot.com/2019/09/negative-expressions-in-korean-1-2-v-v.html